It was commissioned by Raphael and made by Lorenzetto in 1524. It has this name, perhaps because it received among the images which decorated it the statues of many gods, including Mars and Venus; but my own opinion of the name is that, because of its vaulted roof, it resembles the heavens. Pantheon Santa Maria ad Martyres. In fact, it has become a mausoleum that houses the remains of distinguished French citizens. It is not associated with the management of the Pantheon, the Church nor the tourism authorities of Rome. On the vault are several 17th-century canvases, from left to right: Cumean Sibyl by Ludovico Gimignani; Moses by Francesco Rosa; Eternal Father by Giovanni Peruzzini; David by Luigi Garzi; and Eritrean Sibyl by Giovanni Andrea Carlone. Basilica of Santa Maria ad Martyres in Rome PENTECOST AT THE PANTHEON Liturgy behind closed doors in live streaming - May 31st from 10.00 Learn more 119.7k Posts - See Instagram photos and videos taken at ‘Pantheon - Basilica di Santa Maria ad Martyres - Roma’ The Pantheon is full of such devices – for example, there are relieving arches over the recesses inside – but all these arches were hidden by marble facing on the interior and possibly by stone revetment or stucco on the exterior. [3] The height to the oculus and the diameter of the interior circle are the same, 43 metres (142 ft).[4]. The third niche has a sculpture by Il Lorenzone of St Anne and the Blessed Virgin. [60], Though often drawn as a free-standing building, there was a building at its rear which abutted it. The edific… Filippo Brunelleschi, among other architects, looked to the Pantheon as inspiration for their works. Hidden chambers engineered within the rotunda form a sophisticated structural system. It is said that 28 carts of sacred bones were transported from the Catacombs to here. Den nuvarande byggnaden uppfördes omkring 115–125 e.Kr. Since the French Revolution, the Church of St. Genevieve in Paris was deconsecrated and turned into Pantheon of Paris. Santuario Basilica di Santa Maria ad Martyres o Pantheon ospita l'antichissima Icona bizantina della Vergine col Bambino. It is also said that the bronze was used by Bernini in creating his famous baldachin above the high altar of St. Peter's Basilica, but, according to at least one expert, the Pope's accounts state that about 90% of the bronze was used for the cannon, and that the bronze for the baldachin came from Venice. The first niche to the right of the entrance holds a Madonna of the Girdle and St Nicholas of Bari (1686) painted by an unknown artist. It was rebuilt by the emperor Hadrian and probably dedicated about 126 AD. Therefore, the remains of the martyrs were transferred to the catacombs under the main altar, resulting in the Basilica also becoming a mausoleum. [55] This reduced the weight of the roof, as did the elimination of the apex by means of the oculus.[56]. [5] The square in front of the Pantheon is called Piazza della Rotonda. The top of the rotunda wall features a series of brick relieving arches, visible on the outside and built into the mass of the brickwork. [6], The name "Pantheon" is from the Ancient Greek "Pantheion" (Πάνθειον) meaning "of, relating to, or common to all the gods": (pan- / "παν-" meaning "all" + theion / "θεῖον"= meaning "of or sacred to a god"). The Pantheon Basilica is dedicated to St. Mary and Martyrs since then. [12] It seems highly significant that Dio does not quote the simplest explanation for the name—that the Pantheon was dedicated to all the gods. The first chapel on the left, is the Chapel of St Joseph in the Holy Land, and is the chapel of the Confraternity of the Virtuosi at the Pantheon. As a result of excavations in the late 19th century, archaeologist Rodolfo Lanciani concluded that Agrippa's Pantheon was oriented so that it faced south, in contrast with the current layout that faces north, and that it had a shortened T-shaped plan with the entrance at the base of the "T". Please: pantheon-rome.com is an independent guide website. [67], Circles and squares form the unifying theme of the interior design. The tomb of King Umberto I and his wife Margherita di Savoia is in the next chapel. Nevertheless, it became a standard exemplar when classical styles were revived, and has been copied many times by later architects. Show Map. Sorto nel 27 a.C., dal genero di Augusto Marco Vipsanio Agrippa, come ricorda l’iscrizione in facciata, venne ricostruito negli anni 118-125 d.C. da Adriano. The bust of Raphael (1833) is by Giuseppe Fabris. Este templo es uno de los edificios de la Roma Antigua que aún se conserva. It does not sound like a proper name of the building but there was no other records of the naming of this basilica. From then on, the Pantheon basilica is running as a Christian church where masses are held every week and at special events. [58] The Pantheon still holds the record for the world's largest unreinforced concrete dome. The first chapel on the right, the Chapel of the Annunciation, has a fresco of the Annunciation attributed to Melozzo da Forlì. See more ideas about Doors, Beautiful doors, Cool doors. [52], No tensile test results are available on the concrete used in the Pantheon; however, Cowan discussed tests on ancient concrete from Roman ruins in Libya, which gave a compressive strength of 20 MPa (2,900 psi). This refers to the confraternity of artists and musicians that was formed here by a 16th-century Canon of the church, Desiderio da Segni, to ensure that worship was maintained in the chapel. Because of this, the interior floor is equipped with drains and has been built with an incline of about 30 centimetres (12 in) to promote water run off.[62][63]. 6.8K likes. [64] The oculus also serves as a cooling and ventilation method. On 26 May 1929, this deaconry was suppressed to establish the Cardinal Deaconry of S. Apollinare alle Terme Neroniane-Alessandrine. It is also known as the Madonna of the Railing, because it originally hung in the niche on the left-hand side of the portico, where it was protected by a railing. Lise Hetland argues that the present construction began in 114, under Trajan, four years after it was destroyed by fire for the second time (Oros. In the early decades of the 20th century, a piece of the original, as could be reconstructed from Renaissance drawings and paintings, was recreated in one of the panels. In the 15th century, the Pantheon was adorned with paintings: the best-known is the Annunciation by Melozzo da Forlì. Basilica Decree: Immemorial. Cassius Dio, a Graeco-Roman senator, consul and author of a comprehensive History of Rome, writing approximately 75 years after the Pantheon's reconstruction, mistakenly attributed the domed building to Agrippa rather than Hadrian. Circumscription: Papal See of Roma . The Basilica Of Santa Maria And Martyrs. [5], The pediment was decorated with relief sculpture, probably of gilded bronze. BASILICA DI SANTA MARIA AD MARTYRES. The confraternity continued to draw members from the elite of Rome's artists and architects, and among later members we find Bernini, Cortona, Algardi, and many others. Two kings of Italy are buried in the Pantheon: Vittorio Emanuele II and Umberto I, as well as Umberto's Queen, Margherita. Pantheon (Basilica di Santa Maria ad Martyres) Si tratta di uno degli edifici più celebri di Roma. [50] However, analysis of the fusion technique confirmed that these are the original Roman doors,[49] a rare example of Roman monumental bronze surviving, despite cleaning and the application of Christian motifs over the course of centuries. Pope Urban VIII (1623 to 1644) ordered the bronze ceiling of the Pantheon's portico melted down. The dome features sunken panels (coffers), in five rings of 28. Pantheon - Basilica di Santa Maria ad Martyres - Roma, Roma (Rome, Italy). The tomb consists of a large bronze plaque surmounted by a Roman eagle and the arms of the house of Savoy. However, Paul the Deacon records the spoliation of the building by the Emperor Constans II, who visited Rome in July 663: Remaining at Rome twelve days he pulled down everything that in ancient times had been made of metal for the ornament of the city, to such an extent that he even stripped off the roof of the church [of the blessed Mary], which at one time was called the Pantheon, and had been founded in honour of all the gods and was now by the consent of the former rulers the place of all the martyrs; and he took away from there the bronze tiles and sent them with all the other ornaments to Constantinople. Most of the bronze was used to make bombards for the fortification of Castel Sant'Angelo, with the remaining amount used by the Apostolic Camera for various other works. The bust on the left is a portrait of Baldassare Peruzzi, derived from a plaster portrait by Giovanni Duprè. The 4,535-tonne weight of the Roman concrete dome is concentrated on a ring of voussoirs 9.1 metres (30 ft) in diameter that form the oculus, while the downward thrust of the dome is carried by eight barrel vaults in the 6.4-metre-thick (21 ft) drum wall into eight piers. This evenly spaced layout was difficult to achieve and, it is presumed, had symbolic meaning, either numerical, geometric, or lunar. Ci siamo lanciati alla ricerca di un design unico, completamente innovativo che potesse racchiudere in sé il fascino di Roma. having been built in 1280, it had long been used as headquarters of the Roman Dominican Order. Basilica di Sant’Andrea della Valle Note that the Pantheon is a functioning church. Grazie, Padre Serge, per il dono della tua vita. In 202, the building was repaired by the joint emperors Septimius Severus and his son Caracalla (fully Marcus Aurelius Antoninus), for which there is another, smaller inscription on the architrave of the façade, under the aforementioned larger text. The epigraph was written by Pietro Bembo. a titular church for a cardinal-deacon. [39] The only other loss has been the external sculptures, which adorned the pediment above Agrippa's inscription. Categoria Monumento o sito archeologico - Edificio di culto cristiano Campo di interesse Archeologia romana - Arte e architettura rinascimentale. [65][66] In antiquity, the coffers may have contained bronze rosettes symbolising the starry firmament. ... Basilica di Santa Maria ad Martyres (Pantheon) Санта-Мария-ад-Мартирес (Базилика Святой Девы Марии Мученицы) It was moved to the Chapel of the Annunciation, and then to its present position sometime after 1837. 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