Biomed Pharmacol J 2015;8(March Spl Edition). Those who espouse the rational choice theory believe that the individual is responsible for himself, and blame can't be put on other environmental factors. Some of the topics are specific to one of the projects; other topics are investigated with data from two or all three projects. 55, Pages 31-32. Most delinquent juveniles (50.8%) did not live with their parents. Similarly, Hosseini (7) and Shokoohijam (9) reported such significant correlation. By Mallika Mohta. 0000088300 00000 n Because between the reason for committing a crime by the juveniles according to themselves with the type of delinquency a significant relationship was observed (P =0.000). Seif Susan. Years of research and studies have taken place across generations to aid in a better understanding what factors contribute to it and what should be done to prevent it. *Response times vary by subject and question complexity. When juveniles commit a crime, they are often oblivious to the consequences. The long-term impact of cognitively oriented preschool programs on the reduction of antisocial behavior is a more direct indication that fostering early cognitive development can play an important role in the prevention of juvenile delinquency (Schweinhart et al., 1993; Schweinhart and Weikart, 1997). Explaining that why juveniles that have staff mothers commit evil-doing, needs more investigation. 0000207229 00000 n A significant correlation was obtained between the level of education (P=0.016) and mothers’ occupation (P=0.025) with the type of delinquency. 0000174824 00000 n 0000002264 00000 n Although it has not been proven in this study, there was no significant correlation between psychological disorders of juveniles with the type of delinquency which is in contrast with the study of Allen- Hagen and Sickmund (13) in which this relationship was significant. 0000002766 00000 n Prominent among the uncontrollable variables are different laws in different states, changing laws in the same state, the vigilance and adequacy of the police force, and the … Child beggars mostly come from either very poor families or broken homes. Most of the people who live with family had committed mischief and mayhem. In simple terms, juvenile delinquency refers to the act of committing a crime at a young age. In this study, there was a significant relationship between gender types of delinquency and theft is the crime of the most of the males and evil-doing has been the most common case among female juveniles. 38% were fully aware of the crime they were committing. A significant relationship between literacy levels of juveniles with the type of the delinquency was obtained. Juvenile Delinquency Theories of Causation Many theories have been advanced to explain the cause of juvenile delinquency. DATA ON the frequency of juvenile delinquency are necessarily inaccurate. Table 4: Determining the relationship between the studied Juveniles in terms of life with family with the type of delinquency. Juvenile Delinquency– Causes and Consequences. 0000024696 00000 n Juvenile delinquency is caused by a number of factors that include peer influence, influence by the family of the juvenile, race, and other related factors like low self-esteem and trauma. 0000088468 00000 n 0000050285 00000 n However, based on the crime committed and the severity of the crime, a juvenile may be … Total of 40.8% of delinquent juveniles were addicted to smoking, and 18.8% were drug addicted and 18.8% were experiencing less than 1 year of addiction. 0000002819 00000 n Obviously, addiction creates needs that satisfying them is not easy and requires a great expenditure. 0000023054 00000 n Juvenile delinquency is defined as Juvenile Delinquency Author: Vincent Cann Co-Author: Dr. Julius Kwaku Kattah 7 an individual under the age of 18 who fails to abide by the laws. 0000189671 00000 n Religion is a powerful deterrent against deviations and deviances. Hence, this study aims at investigating the causes and factors that provide diversion and delinquency of the juveniles. (Table 4). In addition, a significant correlation was obtained between the type of juvenile residential home with the type of delinquency (P =0.032). 1996. First Edition, Tehran: 1987. Obviously, if the predisposing causes of crime and delinquency are not investigated in accordance with the terms and conditions, this phenomenon will become pervasive and will threaten the future-makers of the country and also the country. Moreover, these children start consuming drugs at a younger age. The problem of juvenile delinquency is a real case in our society. Tehran: Ayandeh Publications, 2000. Adolescents... Outside Influences. SPSS software for data analysis and frequency distribution tables and chi-square test were used. Statistical Center of Iran. Investigating factors affecting behavioral differences and students delinquency. In addition to this, nearly half of all delinquent juveniles were addicted. draws their children to delinquency in a quest for earning money by whatever means. In this study, majority of juveniles did not live with their parents and this has been an important factor in the development of delinquency. In other words most illiterate juveniles committed theft, and evil-doing has been the crime mostly committed by juveniles with higher levels of education. Additionally, no significant relationship was observed among the marital status, place of residence, family size, birth order, educational backwardness, performing religious duties, education level, fathers’ job, level of income and criminal background of their family members. 0000063989 00000 n 0000141610 00000 n Magazine Eslah-va-Tarbiat (Correction and Rehabilitation) issued in August 1998, the Fifth Year, No. While it originates from the internal and individual motivations of people, takes effect from social and environmental factors as well. 0000107517 00000 n 0000157290 00000 n The perpetrators of the crime of theft have introduced poverty as a main reason. 30.4% of them had illiterate fathers and 36% of them had illiterate mothers. In 58.8% of cases the families were consisted of 6-9 members and had birth order of 1-3 in 58.4% of cases. Allen- Hagen and Sickmund. 0000023459 00000 n They crave for the satisfaction of their inner impulses, desires and ambitions. Delinquents’ attitudes and behaviors in the community are largely associated with the characteristics of the family environment and the unfavorable conditions of his life outside the family. Ansarynzhad Nasrallah. Most of the time, the cause of juvenile delinquency is economic problems in the family. Juvenile delinquency is an integral part of criminology. Some of the reasons that are most common for a minor to turn to juvenile delinquency include: School Problems . Overall, juveniles were involved in one-quarter of serious violent victimization annually over the last twenty-five years. MA thesis. Youth belonging from poor economic status easily get involved in criminal activities. Gerald Gault. CJJ2002: Chapter 3 "Individual Causes of Delinquency" Source: Juvenile Delinquency, 9th ed., Bartollas & Schmalleger. In a study by Sadafi (6), Hussaini (7) and Seif (8) the same results were obtained and unlike Shokoohijam’s study (9) the ages of majority of juveniles were obtained 14-16 years. Comparative study of biological and familial status of delinquent and non-delinquent children and juniviles. Also between juveniles who lived with family and those who did not live with family and the type of delinquency a significant correlation was obtained. 0000041149 00000 n Psychology of Juveniles’ Growth and Maturity. Bahram Pirasteh. Undoubtedly, inappropriate relationships and friendships, economic poverty and its consequences and improper family environment can have a crime-producing effect on people. Median response time is 34 minutes and may be longer for new subjects. And the relationship between physical illnesses and psychological disorders by type of delinquency was not significant (P>0.05). After data collection, SPSS software for analyzing data and statistical techniques such as frequency distribution tables and chi-square test were used. Between the separation from family and the type of delinquency a significant correlation was found (P=0.005). A: Social inequality is a wide-spread phenomenon. Therefore, this has been associated with their delinquency and in studies conducted by Sadafi (6), Ansarinezhad (11) and Seif the same results were obtained. In this study, 62% of young people aged 17-18 years were studied among which 80% is male and 20% female. The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP). to juvenile delinquency and juvenile jus-tice. In addition, the relationship between committing delinquency by juveniles in their views with the type of delinquency was significant. 0000156375 00000 n The use of these illegal or legal substances leads to these adolescents to engage in committing crimes. 29.6% were convicted of theft (Table 1), 33.8% had a previous history of crime. 0000097825 00000 n Family can give firm foundation to the children to become good adults. Statistical Yearbook of 2000. Fourth Edition. 24.8% suffered from physical diseases and 72.4% were experiencing mental disorders among which 33.6% suffered from a variety of depression. Others, who become dependent on a substance may also need to commit crimes to sustain their habit. The problem of juvenile delinquency is a real case in our society. While in the study of Sadafi (6) and Seif (8) most of them were under the supervision of their parents. Statistics indicate that in 1997 there were approximately 8.1 million delinquent juveniles in the United States and 49% increase in the delinquency rate has occurred during the years 1988 to 1997 (2). Perhaps because of financial need, the juveniles with housewife and worker mothers committed theft more. The majority of delinquent juveniles had illiterate parents, that is, similar to Sadafi (6), Hussaini (7) and Seif’s results (8). Social impact of committing crime with emphasizing on familial, social and cultural factors affective on juvenile delinquency. Malnutrition may cause inertia and mental sluggishness or hyper-excitability and nervousness in a child. Additionally, the juveniles who lived with family compared to those who did not live with family have committed mischief and mayhem and theft more because of the inconsistencies and the present deficiencies available in family or financial needs of these individuals outside the family. Fact sheet. Moreover, gender and education level as well as occupation and education level of their mothers were significantly associated with delinquency (P<0.05). The relationship between occupation and education level of parents with the type of delinquency in juveniles was not significant. This phenomenon has a growing trend in our country as one of the youngest countries in the world. In 26.2% of the subjects under study, family members were addicted and in 21.2% the drug was opium. 0000060450 00000 n Juvenile delinquency is a complicated and complex issue with a multitude of underlying causes and reasoning behind why it happens. x�b```f``a`c``�bf@ a�;�'��BN �. 0000012215 00000 n Children who are exposed to substance abuse often do not have the necessities they need to thrive and are forced to find these necessities in other ways. Hosseini Seyedqasem . Percent of murder in high-school education group was noticeable. Furthermore, between marital status and singularity of juveniles with the type of delinquency no significant relationship was observed. Family: Available from: http://biomedpharmajournal.org/?p=2257>. Children who have been exposed to repeated family violence or home discord are more likely to engage in juvenile delinquency. 0000189458 00000 n Broken families, single parent fa… There are a variety of reasons related to schooling that can lead a minor to criminal activity. 0000062813 00000 n Any of these conditions may lead to delinquency. They make their values and set the norms of society. In fact, juvenile delinquency is the scourge of unorganized social management, rapid industrialization and urbanization in the modern world. Between parents’ drug addiction with juveniles’ addiction (P=0.000) and juveniles’ addiction with the type of delinquency (P =0.045) there was a significant correlation. Children who live on the streets, lacking a home, consider being at risk.Childhood psychological trauma, violence, imitation of criminal authorities, etc, are also cited as reasons for juvenile delinquency. 0000012267 00000 n Washingeston.DC: U.S. March 2000. The failure of parents to provide necessities of life such as food, clothing, etc. Also, the most frequency in the group that lived separated from the family was for the thieves group. Master’s thesis, Tehran, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, 1999. A Study of Factors Affecting Juvenile Delinquency. Juvenile delinquency, as a legal concept is of recent origin. And between the history of crime, criminal family background and parent’s addiction with the type of delinquency no significant relationship was obtained (P>0.05). Neglect cause Juvenile Delinquency Strain theory describes the idea that there are certain events and conditions in an individual’s life that are disliked and involve the inability to achieve goals, loss of positively valued stimuli, and presentation of negative stimuli (Brezina and Agnew). Juvenile delinquency affects male and female youths, although the majority of … Some are quite sophisticated, whereas others are predicated on rather basic “instinctive” conclusions that may or may not have a basis in fact. This issue can be justified according to their imitation from their parents. Sadafi Zabihallah. ��L���j��z�����xp{0Z. Peer. Table 2: Determining the relationship between gender and type of delinquency, Table3: Determination of the relationship between the level of education of juveniles under study with the type of delinquency. The effects of delinquency are far-reaching and they therefore, affect the community, victims of the delinquent, the society as a whole, and even the delinquents themselves. The addicts because of financial need and the lack of control over their body and mind have no choice but to comply with the demands of their inner demon (i.e. Poor school attendance is correlated with juvenile delinquency for a few … There are numerous causes of juvenile delinquency, including domestic violence, living in areas of poverty and high crime rates, inadequate social support and lack of access to education. Patterns of Delinquency The Causes and Correlates studies have Ahadi Hasan. Outside influences or other things out of anyone's control can be the causes of juvenile delinquency. The data collection tool is information form containing 38 questions related to personal and identity information and the objective questions were along with open and closed questions and multiple choice answers that were completed through interviews and reviewing their documents and records. Although once considered a regional problem, it’s now plaguing the world. Table 1: Frequency distribution of the type of crimes committed by the subjects studied. 0000002855 00000 n Juvenile delinquency has become a global problem recent times. Criminologists are fairly divided when it comes to determining the causes of juvenile crime. Evaluation of psychosocial in one hundred juniviles residing in Tabriz prison. Mass Media and Technology. Based on the results of this study, the majority of delinquent juveniles were placed in the age group 17-18 years old. In this study, the addicted juveniles had committed theft more. Specialist of Community Medicine, Department of Health and Social Medicine, School of Medicine Shahed University, Tehran, Iran. drug addiction) and this is where the drug is considered as a delinquency factor. 2Public law MA – Tehran- Iran Characteristics of delinquent children and juveniles, Correction and Rehabilitation Section of Ardabil Province. 0000157993 00000 n Juvenile delinquency is defined as an individual under the age of 18 who fails to abide by the laws. Substance abuse in a home or by the child is a very common cause for delinquency. 0000020711 00000 n Posted on October 28, 2018. Correction and Rehabilitation Magazine, August 2001; First year, No. Most juveniles under study had families with 6-9 members that is similar to the results of other studies conducted by Sadafi (6), Hussaini (7), and Pyrasteh (10) and may be indicative of the fact that most delinquent juveniles are living in crowded households. 0000088847 00000 n Peer risk factors include weak social ties, antisocial or … In this study, the juveniles with illiterate mothers were committing theft usually and the juveniles whose mothers had high-school level of education or diploma were committing mischief and mayhem. Many juvenile curfews are based on Navabinezhad Shokooh, Normal and abnormal behaviors in children and juveniles and the measures to control and treat disorders, Tehran: the Ebtekar publishing Organization, 1982. trailer <<962757c2f85211d8a531003065f90cd0>]>> startxref 0 %%EOF 212 0 obj<>stream In the following pages, the authors summarize just a few of these many inves-tigations. 0000023254 00000 n This research is a cross - sectional study performed on 250 subjects including 200 male juvenile delinquents and 50 female juvenile delinquents aged 9 - 18 years and sentenced in juvenile institution and tribunals responsible with addressing the children’s offenses in Tehran. Master’s thesis, Tehran, Faculty of Humanities, Shahid Beheshti University, 1992. 0000122166 00000 n The majority of them did the religious duties of prayer (48.4%) and fasting (72.8 percent). Najafi, Tavana, Ali, criminology, second edition. Besides, 48% of them were educated at guidance school level and 50.8% of them did not live with their parents. Familial influential factors in juvenile delinquency. In this study, various demographic, social and familial factors, such as education, occupation, separation from family and drug addiction have turned out to be influential on the development of juvenile delinquency. The two cannot be separated since one of the reasons for crime and its continuance into adult life is the ineffective control and treatment of juveniles. Cases waived to criminal court 1988-1977. Theories on Juvenile Delinquency There are three common theories on juvenile delinquency. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between juveniles’ addiction and the type of their delinquency that is similar to Allen- Hagen and Sickmund (13) and Hussaini (7). The causes of delinquency ( P =0.032 ) lot of energy and time have been for. 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